CIESM Atlas of Exotic Molluscs in the Mediterranean


 
The data base of Exotic Molluscs in the Mediterranean Sea was developed by a CIESM task force of four biologists : Drs Argyro Zenetos (Natl. Center for Marine Research, Athens), Serge Gofas (Univ. Malaga), Giovanni Russo (Univ. di Napoli), Jose Templado (Museo Natl. de Ciencas Naturales, Madrid), with the assistance of the CIESM Editorial Panel. Updates are regularly provided by the team of experts now coordinated by Dr Gofas.
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ERRATUM: In January 2005 a major update corrected a number of errors present in the original printed version. We are deeply grateful to Prof. Bella Galil (Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Haifa), Drs Henk Mienis, Bogi Cesare, Giovanni Buzzurro, Anna Occhipinti-Ambrogi and Paul Clark for their contribution to the Atlas of Exotic Molluscs.
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Check-list of exotic species (total: 137)

  • Only those exotic species of Indo-Pacific origin that were recorded after 1920 and of Atlantic origin that were recorded after 1960 are considered.
  • Origin:
    AA = American Atlantic, AS = Arabian Sea, CIRT = Circumtropical, IO = Indian Ocean, IP = Indo-Pacific, NEP = North Eastern Pacific Ocean, PG = Persian Gulf, PO = Pacific Ocean, RS = Red Sea, SC = Suez Canal, TP = Tropical Pacific Ocean, TA = Tropical Atlantic, WP = Western Pacific Ocean.

    Status:
    A = Alien: considered non-established, on the basis of one or two published records, often a single specimen.
    E = Established: presumed established on the basis of at least two distincts records.
    Q = Questionable: applies for a few taxa to which there remain unsettled taxonomic issues.

     
    Taxon Origin Status
    Last update
    of the species sheet
    GASTROPODA - PROSOBRANCHIA
    Nacellidae

    Cellana rota
    RS, IO E
    Dec 2003
    Haliotidae (abalones)
    Haliotis pustulata cruenta

    RS

    A
    Dec 2003
    Fissurellidae (keyhole limpets)
    Diodora ruppellii

    IP, RS

    E
    Dec 2003
    Neritidae
    Smaragdia souverbiana

    Nerita sanguinolenta

    IP, RS

    RS

    E

    A

    Dec 2003

    Jan 2005
    Trochidae (top shells)
    Trochus erithraeus

    Pseudominolia nedyma

    Stomatella impertusa

    RS

    RS, IO

    IP, RS

    E

    E

    A

    Jan 2005

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003
    Cerithiidae
    Cerithium nesioticum

    Cerithium scabridum

    Cerithium egenum

    Rhinoclavis kochi

    Clypeomorus bifasciatus

    RS, IP

    RS, IO

    IP, RS

    IP, RS

    RS, IP

    A

    E

    A

    E

    A

    Jan 2005

    Jan 2005

    Dec 2003

    Jan 2005

    Dec 2003
    Planaxidae
    Angiola punctostriata

    Planaxis griseus

    SC, IP

    RS

    A

    A

    Jan 2005

    Jan 2005
    Litiopidae
    Gibborissoa virgata

    IP

    E
    Dec 2003
    Obtortionidae
    Finella pupoides

    Clathrofenella ferruginea

    IP

    IP, RS

    E

    E

    Jan 2005

    Jan 2005
    Dialidae
    Diala varia

    IP, RS

    E
    Jan 2005
    Cerithiopsidae
    Cerithiopsis pulvis

    Cerithiopsis tenthrenois

    RS

    IO

    E

    E

    Jan 2005

    Dec 2003
    Triphoridae
    Metaxia bacillum

    RS

    E
    Jan 2005
    Rissoidae
    Rissoina bertholleti

    Rissoina spirata

    Alvania dorbignyi

    Voorwindia tiberiana

    RS, IO

    IP

    RS

    RS

    E

    A

    E

    A

    Jan 2005

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003
    Strombidae (conchs)
    Strombus persicus

    Strombus mutabilis

    PG, AS

    IP, RS

    E

    A

    Jan 2005

    Dec 2003
    Hipponicidae
    Sabia conica

    RS, IP

    A
    Dec 2003
    Calyptraeidae (slipper shells)
    Crepidula aculeata

    Crepidula fornicata

    AA

    AA

    E

    E

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003
    Cypraeidae (cowries)
    Erosaria turdus

    Purpuradusta gracilis notata

    Palmadusta lentiginosa

    RS, IO

    IO, RS

    IO, PG

    A

    E

    A

    Dec 2003

    Jan 2005

    Dec 2003
    Naticidae (moon shells)
    Natica gualteriana

    RS, IP

    E
    Dec 2003
    Epitoniidae (wentle traps)
    Cycloscala hyalina

    RS, IP

    E
    Jan 2005
    Eulimidae
    Sticteulima cf. lentiginosa

    IP

    A
    Jan 2005
    Muricidae (murex shells)
    Ergalatax obscura

    Thais lacera

    Thais sacellum

    Rapana venosa

    Murex forskoehlii

    RS, AS

    IO, PG

    IO, RS

    PO

    RS, PG

    E

    E

    E

    E

    E

    Jan 2005

    Jan 2005

    Jan 2005

    Dec 2003

    Jan 2005
    Nassariidae
    Nassarius arcularia plicatus

    RS, IO

    A
    Dec 2003
    Fasciolariidae (spindle shells)
    Fusinus verrucosus

    RS

    E
    Jan 2005
    Columbellidae (dove shells)
    Zafra savignyi

    Zafra selasphora

    RS

    IO, RS

    E

    E

    Dec 2003

    Jan 2005
    Conidae (cone shells)
    Conus fumigatus

    RS

    A
    Dec 2003
    GASTROPODA - HETEROBRANCHIA
    Anisocyclidae
    Murchisonella columna

    IP

    A
    Dec 2003
    Pyramidellidae
    Chrysallida fischeri

    Chrysallida maiae

    Chrysallida pirintella

    Adelactaeon fulvus

    Adelactaeon amoenus

    Styloptygma beatrix

    Cingulina isseli

    Turbonilla edgarii

    Syrnola fasciata

    Syrnola cinctella

    Odostomia lorioli

    Oscilla jocosa

    Iolaea neofelixoides

    Hinemoa cylindrica

    Leucotina cfr. eva

    RS

    RS

    RS

    IP

    IP

    PG

    RS

    IP

    IP

    IP, RS

    RS

    RS, PG

    PO

    IP

    IP

    E

    E

    E

    E

    E

    E

    E

    E

    E

    A

    A

    A

    A

    A

    A

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003

    Jan 2005

    Jan 2005

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003

    Jan 2005

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003
    GASTROPODA - OPISTHOBRANCHIA
    Cylichnidae

    Acteocina mucronata

    RS

    E
    Dec 2003
    Retusidae
    Cylichnina girardi

    Pyrunculus fourierii

    IP

    IP, RS

    E

    E

    Jan 2005

    Dec 2003
    Bullidae (bubble shells)
    Bulla ampulla

    IP

    E
    Dec 2003
    Haminoeidae
    Haminoea callidegenita

    Haminoea cyanomarginata

    PO, AA

    RS

    E

    A

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003
    Aglajidae
    Chelidonura fulvipunctata

    IP

    E
    Jan 2005
    Aplysiidae (sea hares)
    Bursatella leachi

    CIRT

    E
    Dec 2003
    Pleurobranchidae
    Pleurobranchus forskalii

    RS

    A
    Dec 2003
    Polyceridae
    Polycerella emertoni

    Polycera hedgpethi

    TA

    NEP

    E

    A

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003
    Triophidae
    Plocamopherus ocellatus

    RS

    E
    Jan 2005
    Discodorididae
    Discodoris lilacina

    IP, RS

    E
    Dec 2003
    Chromodorididae
    Hypselodoris infucata

    Chromodoris quadricolor

    IP, RS

    RS

    E

    A

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003
    Dendrodorididae
    Dendrodoris fumata

    RS, IP

    A
    Dec 2003
    Tethyidae
    Melibe fimbriata

    IO, PO

    E
    Jan 2005
    Tergipedidae
    Cuthona perca

    PO

    A
    Dec 2003
    Flabellinidae
    Flabellina rubrolineata

    IP, RS

    E
    Jan 2005
    Facelinidae
    Caloria indica

    IP

    A
    Jan 2005
    Aeolidiidae
    Aeolidiella indica

    CIRT

    A
    Dec 2003
    GASTROPODA - PULMONATA
    Siphonaridae
    Siphonaria crenata

    IP, RS

    E
    Dec 2003
    BIVALVIA - PTEROMORPHIA
    Arcidae (arc clams)
    Acar plicata

    Anadara demiri

    Anadara inaequivalvis

    Anadara natalensis

    IP, RS

    IO

    IP

    WIO, RS

    A

    E

    E

    E

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003

    Jan 2005
    Glycymeridae (bittersweet clams)
    Glycymeris arabicus
    WIO, RS A
    Dec 2003
    Limopsidae
    Limopsis multistriata

    IP, RS

    A
    Dec 2003
    Mytilidae (mussels)
    Musculista perfragilis

    Musculista senhousia

    Modiolus auriculatus

    Xenostrobus securis

    Brachidontes pharaonis

    Septifer forskali
    IP, RS
    WP

    WI, RS

    TP

    IO, RS

    RS
    E
    E

    A

    E

    E

    A

    Jan 2005

    Jan 2005

    Jan 2005

    Dec 2003

    Jan 2005

    Jan 2005
    Ostreidae (oysters)
    Crassostrea gigas

    Saccostrea cucullata

    Saccostrea commercialis

    Dendrostrea frons

    NWP

    IO, RS

    PO

    IP

    E

    E

    A

    E

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003
    Pteriidae (pearl oysters)
    Pinctada margaritifera

    Pinctada radiata

    IP, RS

    IP, RS

    E

    E

    Dec 2003

    Jan 2005
    Malleidae (hammer oysters)
    Malvufundus regulus

    IP, RS

    E
    Jan 2005
    Pectinidae (scallops)
    Chlamys lischkei

    AA

    A
    Dec 2003
    Spondylidae (spiny oysters)
    Spondylus spinosus

    Spondylus groschi

    Spondylus cf. multisetosus

    IP, RS

    WIO, RS

    IP

    E

    Q

    Q

    Jan 2005

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003
    BIVALVIA - HETERODONTA
    Lucinidae (lucina clams)
    Divalinga arabica

    RS, AS

    E
    Jan 2005
    Trapeziidae
    Trapezium oblongum

    IP, RS

    A
    Jan 2005
    Ungulinidae
    Diplodonta cf. subrotunda

    RS

    A
    Dec 2003
    Chamidae (jewel boxes)
    Chama pacifica

    Pseudochama corbieri

    IP, RS

    RS

    E

    A

    Dec 2003

    Jan 2005
    Cardiidae (cockles)
    Fulvia australis

    Fulvia fragilis

    Afrocardium richardi

    IP, RS

    WIO, RS

    RS

    E

    E

    E

    Jan 2005

    Jan 2005

    Dec 2003
    Tellinidae (tellins)
    Tellina valtonis

    Psammotreta praerupta

    IO, RS

    IP, RS

    E

    A

    Dec 2003

    Jan 2005
    Psammobiidae (sanguin clams)
    Hiatula ruppelliana

    RS

    E
    Jan 2005
    Mactridae (surf clams)
    Mactra olorina

    Mactra lilacea

    RS

    IP, RS

    E

    E

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003
    Mesodesmatidae
    Atactodea glabrata

    IP, RS

    A
    Dec 2003
    Veneridae (venus clams)
    Gafrarium pectinatum

    Circenita callipyga

    Clementia papyracea

    Paphia textile

    Mercenaria mercenaria

    Ruditapes philippinarum

    Antigona lamellaris

    Dosinia erythraea

    Timoclea roemeriana

    IP, RS

    IO, RS

    IP, RS

    IP, RS

    AA

    WP

    IP, RS

    RS, WP

    RS

    E

    A

    E

    E

    E

    E

    A

    A

    E

    Jan 2005

    Dec 2003

    Jan 2005

    Jan 2005

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003

    Jan 2005

    Jan 2005

    Jan 2005
    Petricolidae
    Petricola pholadiformis

    AA

    A
    Dec 2003
    Myidae (soft-shell clams)
    Sphenia rueppelli

    Mya arenaria

    RS

    AA

    A

    E

    Dec 2003

    Dec 2003
    Gastrochaenidae (rock-borer clams)
    Gastrochaena cymbium

    IP, RS

    E
    Jan 2005
    BIVALVIA - ANOMALODESMATA
    Laternulidae (lantern clams)
    Laternula anatina

    IP, RS

    E
    Jan 2005
    POLYPLACOPHORA
    Chitonidae (chitons)
    Chiton hululensis
    RS, IP A
    Dec 2003
    ©ciesm 2000